Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Question 2

A patient presents with brittle bones and a history of low sun exposure. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely responsible, and what is the primary effect on bone physiology?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D deficiency; decreased calcium absorption

Question 3

Which layer of the skin contains stem cells responsible for regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 4

A child is born with a soft spot on the top of the skull. What is the anatomical term for this structure, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Fontanelle; permits brain growth and skull deformation during birth

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the process of long bone ossification?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is replaced by bone through endochondral ossification

Question 6

A patient with hyperactive thyroid glands is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which hormone imbalance is most likely responsible for her condition?

Accepted Answer

Excess thyroid hormone leading to increased bone turnover

Question 7

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Pelvis

Question 8

A person slips and falls backwards, hitting the back of their head. Which cranial bone is most likely to be fractured?

Accepted Answer

Occipital bone

Question 9

Which joint type allows for the greatest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why joints in the upper limb tend to be more mobile than those in the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Upper limb joints have less restrictive ligaments and more ball-and-socket structures

Question 11

A patient with osteoarthritis is most likely to have damage to which part of the synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

Articular cartilage

Question 12

Which of the following formulas correctly represents the calculation for bone mineral density (BMD)?

Accepted Answer

$$BMD = \frac{Bone\ mass}{Bone\ volume}$$

Question 13

Which cell type is primarily responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 14

A deficiency in which hormone would most likely result in elevated blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of melanin in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Melanin protects against UV radiation by absorbing sunlight

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone increases blood calcium by stimulating bone resorption

Question 17

A patient with a burn that affects the epidermis and part of the dermis is classified as having which type of burn?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burn

Question 18

Which of the following movements is correctly paired with its anatomical term?

Accepted Answer

Raising the arm sideways: abduction

Question 19

Which accessory structure of a synovial joint is most important for reducing friction during movement?

Accepted Answer

Bursa

Question 20

A woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis after menopause. Which hormonal change is most likely responsible for her increased risk?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in estrogen levels

Anatomy & Physiology: Skeletal and Integumentary Systems Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard