Question 1

Which muscle originates from the medial clavicle and sternum and inserts on the humerus, performing flexion, adduction, and internal rotation at the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty abducting their arm at the shoulder. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Question 3

Which of the following correctly describes the action of the triceps brachii at the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

Extension of the elbow

Question 4

The glenohumeral joint is classified as which type of synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

Ball and socket joint

Question 5

Which muscle is responsible for both flexion of the knee and plantar flexion of the ankle, and inserts on the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Question 6

A soccer player sustains an injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Which joint is affected?

Accepted Answer

Knee joint

Question 7

Which muscle originates from the iliac crest and inserts on the IT band, stabilizing the knee during movement?

Accepted Answer

Tensor fascia latae

Question 8

If a patient cannot externally rotate their shoulder, which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Teres minor

Question 9

Which of the following muscles is responsible for dorsiflexion of the ankle?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 10

A patient is unable to flex their hip. Which muscle group is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Iliopsoas group

Question 11

Which bone forms the lateral malleolus of the ankle?

Accepted Answer

Fibula

Question 12

Which muscle originates from the coracoid process and inserts on the humerus, acting to flex the shoulder?

Accepted Answer

Coracobrachialis

Question 13

Which of the following is a uniaxial hinge joint?

Accepted Answer

Elbow joint

Question 14

A patient has difficulty extending their wrist and fingers. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Extensor digitorum

Question 15

Which muscle is responsible for internal rotation of the humerus at the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Subscapularis

Question 16

Which muscle originates from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and inserts on the tibia, acting to flex and laterally rotate the hip?

Accepted Answer

Sartorius

Question 17

Which of the following muscles acts to abduct the hip?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus medius

Question 18

Which muscle is responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle and is located deep to the gastrocnemius?

Accepted Answer

Soleus

Question 19

Which muscle originates from the ischial tuberosity and is involved in flexion of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus

Question 20

A patient presents with weakness in pronation of the forearm. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Pronator teres

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Bones, Joints, and Muscles of the Upper and Lower Limbs

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