Question 1

Which of the following best describes a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A process that reverses the direction of the original stimulus, such as body temperature regulation.

Question 2

A patient is lying face up on an examination table. Which anatomical term best describes this position?

Accepted Answer

Supine

Question 3

Which body cavity contains the heart and lungs?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic cavity

Question 4

A transverse plane divides the body into which sections?

Accepted Answer

Superior and inferior

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why water is a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen attracts electrons more strongly than hydrogen, creating partial charges.

Question 6

Which type of chemical bond is responsible for the surface tension of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 3. How many times more acidic is it compared to a solution with a pH of 6?

Accepted Answer

$$10^3$$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulating the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Question 11

Which process requires energy input from the cell to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 12

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 13

Which membrane modification increases the surface area for absorption in epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Question 14

Which tissue type is specialized for contraction and movement?

Accepted Answer

Muscle tissue

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Conduction of electrical impulses

Question 16

Which of the following is a major organic molecule found in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids

Question 17

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 18

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 19

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell by osmosis. What type of solution is the cell in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 20

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules through a membrane protein from high to low concentration without energy input

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Foundational Concepts, Chemistry, and Cells

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