Question 1

Which organ is part of both the endocrine and reproductive systems?

Accepted Answer

Ovary

Question 2

Homeostasis is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

The maintenance of a stable internal environment

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Release of insulin to lower blood glucose

Question 4

A buffer in a solution helps to:

Accepted Answer

Maintain a stable pH when acids or bases are added

Question 5

Which formula represents the molecular structure of water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 6

If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

The cell will lose water and shrink

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

An acid that completely dissociates in water

Question 8

Which of the following is the monomer of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid

Question 9

What is the main function of the sodium-potassium pump in cells?

Accepted Answer

To maintain the electrochemical gradient across the membrane

Question 10

Which stage of mitosis is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes along the cell's equator?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of microvilli in epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption

Question 12

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 13

Which of the following best describes denaturation of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme loses its three-dimensional structure and function

Question 14

Which tissue type is primarily responsible for making up tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Its monomers are nucleotides

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a reduction reaction?

Accepted Answer

Gain of electrons by a molecule

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with an uneven distribution of charge

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct complementary strand for the DNA sequence 5'-ATCG-3'?

Accepted Answer

3'-TAGC-5'

Question 19

Which process involves the movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration across a semipermeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 20

Which of the following would increase the rate of a chemical reaction in a biological system?

Accepted Answer

Adding an enzyme

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Foundational Concepts and Cellular Processes

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