Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of a receptor in a feedback system?

Accepted Answer

It sends information to the control center after detecting changes in the environment.

Question 2

A patient is exposed to cold weather and begins to shiver. Which component of the feedback system is responsible for initiating shivering?

Accepted Answer

Effector

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

Accepted Answer

Childbirth, where contractions intensify until delivery

Question 4

What is the atomic number of an element, and how is it determined?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Atoms share electrons to fill their outer shells

Question 6

A water molecule ($$H_2O) is an $$example of which type of covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bond

Question 7

Which property of water is most important for supporting homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulating temperature

Question 8

Transcription is the process in which:

Accepted Answer

A cell copies genetic information from DNA to $$mRNA$$

Question 9

During translation, what is the role of $$tRNA$$?

Accepted Answer

It brings specific amino acids to the ribosome according to the codon sequence on $$mRNA$$

Question 10

Which of the following codons signals the start of translation?

Accepted Answer

$$AUG$$

Question 11

DNA replication is described as semi-conservative. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

Each new DNA molecule contains one original (parental) strand and one new strand

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A double-stranded helical molecule located mainly in the nucleus

Question 13

If a DNA mutation occurs, what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A permanent change in the sequence of bases in DNA

Question 14

Which class of biomolecules is used for energy first in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 15

What is activation energy?

Accepted Answer

The amount of energy that must be added to reactants in order to start a chemical reaction

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 17

A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Shrink due to water loss

Question 18

Which directional term describes a structure that is away from the surface of the body?

Accepted Answer

Deep

Question 19

Which phase of the cell cycle involves chromosomes lining up in the middle of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 20

Which type of bond is responsible for the attraction between water molecules, giving water its surface tension?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bond

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Organization, Chemistry, Cells, and Genetics

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