Question 1

Which of the following best describes the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second electron shell of an atom?

Accepted Answer

8 electrons

Question 2

Which of the following elements is considered an ion element because it has a complete valence shell and is stable?

Accepted Answer

He

Question 3

A sodium atom ($$\mathrm{Na}) $$reacts with a chlorine atom ($$\mathrm{Cl}) to $$form sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}). $$What type of chemical bond is formed between these atoms?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 4

Which of the following ions is classified as a cation?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K^+}$$

Question 5

What is the main attractive force in an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 6

Which of the following is a property of reactive elements?

Accepted Answer

They tend to gain, lose, or share electrons

Question 7

If an atom has 7 electrons in its outer shell, what is it most likely to do to achieve stability?

Accepted Answer

Gain one electron

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an anion?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{OH^-}$$

Question 9

What is the electron configuration rule for the first three shells of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Shell 1 holds 2, Shell 2 holds 8, Shell 3 holds 8 (or 18 for bonding purposes)

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why atoms form chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

To achieve a stable valence shell configuration

Question 11

When sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}) $$dissolves in water, what ions are formed?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ \, and \, \mathrm{Cl^-}$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Electrostatic attraction between ions

Question 13

A patient has a blood test showing elevated $$\mathrm{$$HCO_3$$^-}$$ levels. What type of ion is $$\mathrm{$$HCO_3$$^-}$$?

Accepted Answer

Anion

Question 14

Which of the following elements is most likely to form covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Carbon ($$\mathrm{C})$$

Question 15

Which statement best describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve transfer of electrons; covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of a molecule formed by covalent bonding?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O} ($$water)

Question 17

If an atom has a full valence shell, what is its chemical reactivity?

Accepted Answer

It is chemically stable and unreactive

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a salt in terms of chemical bonding?

Accepted Answer

A compound formed from ionic bonds between cations and anions

Question 19

Which of the following is a charged particle formed when an atom gains or loses electrons?

Accepted Answer

Ion

Question 20

A molecule of $$\mathrm{O_2$} is $$formed when two oxygen atoms share electrons. What type of bond is present in $$\mathrm{O_2$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonds in Anatomy & Physiology

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