Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the atomic mass of an atom?

$$\text{Atomic Mass} = \text{Number of Protons} + \text{Number of Neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following elements is NOT one of the six most abundant elements in living organisms, commonly referred to as CHNOPS?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 2

An atom of oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 3

Which subatomic particle determines the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 4

According to the octet rule, atoms are most stable when their outermost electron shell contains how many electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 5

A neutral neon atom (atomic number 10) is unreactive because:

Accepted Answer

Its valence shell is full of electrons.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about isotopes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 7

The isotope Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years. How many years must pass for a sample of Carbon-14 to break down to $$\frac{1}{4} of $$its original amount?

Accepted Answer

$$11,460$$

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct description of electron energy shells?

Accepted Answer

Shells farther from the nucleus are higher in energy.

Question 9

If an atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what is its atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

$$12$$

Question 10

Which of the following is a real-world application of radioactive isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Dating fossils and ancient artifacts.

Question 11

How are Carbon-13 and Nitrogen-15 respectively different from the more abundant isotopes Carbon-12 and Nitrogen-14?

Accepted Answer

Each have one extra neutron.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why atoms are reactive?

Accepted Answer

Their outer valence shells are not full.

Question 13

What is the number of valence electrons in a neutral oxygen atom (atomic number 8)?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a use of radioactive isotopes in medicine or research?

Accepted Answer

Measuring blood glucose levels.

Question 15

If the atomic number of nitrogen is 7, and the mass number of nitrogen-15 is 15, how many neutrons does nitrogen-15 have?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the periodic table is correct?

Accepted Answer

It arranges elements based on their chemical properties.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the atomic mass of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic Mass} = 	ext{Number of Protons} + 	ext{Number of Neutrons}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE about valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

They determine the chemical reactivity of an atom.

Question 19

If an atom has a full valence shell, what is its likely chemical behavior?

Accepted Answer

It is stable and unreactive.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between atomic number and the number of electrons in a neutral atom?

Accepted Answer

The atomic number equals the number of electrons.

Atoms, Elements, and Atomic Structure: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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