$$\text{Atomic\ weight} = \text{Number\ of\ protons} + \text{Number\ of\ neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic weights

Question 2

A patient is exposed to high levels of radiation, which can dislodge electrons from atoms. What is the most likely effect on their proteins?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation due to disruption of protein structure

Question 3

Which of the following elements is NOT commonly found in proteins?

Accepted Answer

Calcium (Ca)

Question 4

What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Strengthens the cell membrane

Question 6

A protein loses its tertiary structure due to exposure to extreme pH. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Loss of function due to denaturation

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 8

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Question 9

What is the main purpose of nucleic acids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Store genetic information and control protein synthesis

Question 10

Which of the following is true about the quaternary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

It involves the arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains

Question 11

If a compound is formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, what type of bond is present?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 12

Which of the following is a steroid hormone derived from cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Question 13

Which formula correctly represents the calculation of atomic weight?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic\ weight} = 	ext{Number\ of\ protons} + 	ext{Number\ of\ neutrons}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

They act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions

Question 15

Which of the following statements about DNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA consists of two nucleotide chains forming a double helix

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why denaturation of a protein leads to loss of function?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation alters the protein's shape, disrupting its ability to interact with other molecules

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with Thymine

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the structure of RNA?

Accepted Answer

RNA is typically single-stranded and contains uracil

Question 20

A scientist is analyzing a molecule composed of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base. What type of molecule is this?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Atoms, Molecules, and Biological Macromolecules: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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