Question 1

Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine (NE)

Question 2

A patient is experiencing increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and elevated blood glucose. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most likely activated?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the anatomical organization of autonomic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Two neurons in series, with a synapse in an autonomic ganglion

Question 4

Which cranial nerve carries the majority of parasympathetic fibers in the body?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve (X)

Question 5

A drug that blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors would most directly affect which division of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic division

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a typical effect of sympathetic nervous system activation?

Accepted Answer

Decreased heart rate

Question 7

Which equation best represents the relationship between frequency of action potentials (FR) and stimulus intensity (V) in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$FR = V$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the somatic motor division is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction

Question 9

A patient is given a beta-blocker. Which physiological effect would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Decreased heart rate

Question 10

Which of the following best explains antagonistic control in the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions exert opposing effects on most organs

Question 11

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

Question 12

Which of the following is a direct effect of parasympathetic activation?

Accepted Answer

Increased secretion of digestive enzymes

Question 13

A patient with damage to the thoracic spinal cord would most likely have impaired function in which autonomic division?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the location of autonomic ganglia?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic ganglia are located close to the spinal cord

Question 15

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction in the somatic motor system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus in autonomic regulation?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of water balance

Question 17

Which of the following would most likely result from stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors?

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstriction of blood vessels

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the effect of sympathetic stimulation on the adrenal medulla?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)

Question 19

A patient is exposed to a toxin that blocks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Which physiological process would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Voluntary skeletal muscle contraction

Question 20

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the somatic motor division compared to the autonomic division?

Accepted Answer

It controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscle

Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control – Chapter 11 Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard