$$\text{Atomic mass} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes kinetic energy in the context of human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Energy released as heat during muscle contraction

Question 2

A patient is experiencing muscle weakness due to a lack of ATP. Which form of energy is directly involved in the contraction of muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of energy transformation in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of chemical energy in glucose to kinetic energy during running

Question 5

A radioactive isotope decays and releases energy. Which type of energy is primarily released during this process?

Accepted Answer

Chemical energy

Question 6

Which statement about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 7

A sodium atom has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons. What is its atomic number and atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 11, Atomic mass: 23

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between matter and energy?

Accepted Answer

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space, while energy is the capacity to do work or put matter into motion

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle found in atoms?

Accepted Answer

Ion

Question 10

A patient is exposed to a radioactive isotope for diagnostic imaging. Which property of the isotope allows it to be detected and measured?

Accepted Answer

It emits energy as it decays to a more stable form

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why ions are important in nerve impulse transmission?

Accepted Answer

Ions allow for the movement of charged particles, creating electrical energy

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct chemical shorthand for potassium?

Accepted Answer

K

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number

Question 14

A molecule of water ($$	ext{H}_2	ext{O}) is $$formed by which type of bond?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between an element and a compound?

Accepted Answer

An element is composed of only one type of atom, while a compound is composed of two or more types of atoms chemically bonded

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the number of neutrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Number of neutrons} = 	ext{Atomic mass} - 	ext{Atomic number}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life example of potential energy being converted to kinetic energy in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A person standing up and then running

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy relevant to human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Gravitational energy

Question 19

Which statement best describes the role of ATP in cellular energy transfer?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy that can be released and used for cellular work

Question 20

A patient is given a tracer isotope for a PET scan. What property of the isotope makes it useful for this diagnostic procedure?

Accepted Answer

It emits detectable energy as it decays

Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology: Study Notes

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