Question 1

Which of the following elements makes up the largest percentage of the human body's mass?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen (O)

Question 2

An atom is electrically neutral because:

Accepted Answer

The number of protons equals the number of electrons

Question 3

Which subatomic particle is responsible for the chemical behavior and bonding properties of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Question 4

What type of chemical bond is formed when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are not shared equally, resulting in a molecule with positive and negative poles

Question 6

A molecule of water ($$H_2O) is an $$example of:

Accepted Answer

A polar covalent molecule

Question 7

Which property of water allows it to absorb and release large amounts of heat without changing temperature rapidly?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 8

What is the result of a neutralization reaction between an acid and a base?

Accepted Answer

A salt and water are formed

Question 9

Which of the following statements about pH is correct?

Accepted Answer

A solution with pH 7 is neutral, with equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions

Question 10

Which of the following is a polymer formed by dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 11

Which type of lipid is a major component of cell membranes and contains a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid

Question 12

Which of the following is true about saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

They contain only single covalent bonds and are solid at room temperature

Question 13

What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Act as biological catalysts to increase the rate of chemical reactions

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Include water and salts

Question 15

Which level of protein structure is described as a compact, ball-like (globular) structure?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

Provides chemical energy for cellular work

Question 17

A buffer in the human body functions to:

Accepted Answer

Regulate pH changes by neutralizing excess acids or bases

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

They form genes and are built from nucleotides

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct representation of a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the properties of a compound differ from those of its constituent atoms?

Accepted Answer

Chemical bonding alters the physical and chemical properties of the atoms involved

Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology: Structure and Composition of Matter

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