$$F = \frac{9}{5} \times 37 + 32 = 98.6$$^{\circ}$$F$$

$$6 \times 12 + 12 \times 1 + 6 \times 16 = 180 g/$$mol

Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of organization in humans from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 2

Which statement best defines a molecule?

Accepted Answer

A group of atoms held together by chemical bonds, which may be the same or different elements

Question 3

Given an atom with atomic number 8 and atomic mass 16, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$16 - 8 = 8$$ neutrons

Question 4

Which laboratory equipment would provide the most precise measurement of a small liquid volume?

Accepted Answer

Volumetric pipette

Question 5

Convert $$37^{\circ}C$ to degrees Fahrenheit using the formula F$$ = \frac{9}{5}C + 32$$. What is the result?

Accepted Answer

$$F = \frac{9}{5} 	imes 37 + 32 = 98.6$$^{\circ}$$F$$

Question 6

Which type of bond forms between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms within a water molecule?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 4. What happens to the hydrogen ion concentration if the pH decreases to 2?

Accepted Answer

It increases by a factor of 100

Question 8

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Joining two amino acids to form a dipeptide and releasing water

Question 10

How many covalent bonds can a carbon atom typically form to achieve stability?

Accepted Answer

Four

Question 11

Which functional group is found in all amino acids and is important for protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 12

Which category of lipids is the main component of cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids

Question 13

What is the monomer of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid

Question 14

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 15

What term describes the process by which a protein loses its shape due to extreme pH or temperature?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

They act as catalysts to speed up reactions without being consumed

Question 17

A buffer solution is added to a solution with a pH of 7. If a strong acid is added, what is the expected effect of the buffer?

Accepted Answer

The buffer will minimize the change in pH

Question 18

Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in humans?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 19

Given the molecular formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$, what is the molecular weight of glucose? (Atomic weights: C = 12, H = 1, O = 16)

Accepted Answer

$$6 	imes 12 + 12 	imes 1 + 6 	imes 16 = 180 g/$$mol

Question 20

Which subatomic particle is primarily involved in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Electron

BIO 231 Exam 1 Study Guide: Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology

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