Q: A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$moles per liter?

$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 1

Which property of water is MOST important for regulating body temperature during exercise, and what is the underlying mechanism?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity; water absorbs and releases heat with little temperature change due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$moles per liter?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

They have straight chains that pack closely together due to single covalent bonds

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct example of a dehydration synthesis reaction in the body?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides, releasing water

Question 5

A buffer system in the blood helps maintain pH by converting strong acids and bases into weak ones. Which equation represents the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$} + \mathrm{H_2O} \leftrightarrow \mathrm{H_2CO_3} \leftrightarrow \mathrm{H^+} + \mathrm{$$HCO_3$$^-}$$

Question 6

Which statement correctly describes the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds always contain carbon and are usually covalently bonded

Question 7

A patient has a blood pH of 7.1. Which of the following best describes their condition?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis; blood pH is below normal range

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE about the structure and function of proteins?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids determines the protein's primary structure and function

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Forming the chief components of cell membrane structure

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of glycogen in animals?

Accepted Answer

It is a carbohydrate storage form used for energy in liver and muscles

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

Acids are proton donors and release hydrogen ions ($$H^+) in $$solution

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct example of a polysaccharide and its biological function?

Accepted Answer

Starch; carbohydrate storage form used by plants

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why unsaturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Double bonds create kinks, preventing tight packing of molecules

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

Each pH unit represents a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule is used to split a covalent bond between two monomers

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

All amino acids contain an amine group and an acid group

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of steroids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Starting material for synthesis of vitamin D and steroid hormones

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between fibrous and globular proteins?

Accepted Answer

Fibrous proteins provide mechanical support and tensile strength, while globular proteins are functional and water-soluble

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the role of buffers in the body?

Accepted Answer

Buffers resist abrupt and large changes in pH by converting strong acids and bases into weak ones

Biochemistry Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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