Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between organic and inorganic compounds in biochemistry?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds must contain both carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms, while inorganic compounds do not.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major groups of organic compounds found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Salts

Question 3

A student is analyzing a molecule with the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$. Which class of macromolecule does this molecule most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 4

Which of the following statements about macromolecules is correct?

Accepted Answer

Monomers are small molecules that join together to form polymers.

Question 5

Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 6

Which process joins two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide and releases a molecule of water?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct example of a monomer and its corresponding polymer?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid — Polypeptide

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in enzymes that break down lactose. Which type of macromolecule is the enzyme, and what is its function?

Accepted Answer

Protein; acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific to their substrates?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes have active sites with unique shapes that fit only specific substrates.

Question 10

Which of the following is true regarding the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes work best at an optimal temperature; too high a temperature can cause denaturation and loss of function.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct chemical reaction catalyzed by the enzyme catalase?

Accepted Answer

$$2H_2O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O + O_2$

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of lipids in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Long-term energy storage

Question 13

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fats is correct?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature and considered 'bad' for health.

Question 14

Which of the following is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 15

A scientist is studying a molecule that contains a carboxyl group ($$-COOH$$), an amino group ($$-NH_2$), and a unique side chain. What type of molecule is this?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid

Question 16

Which of the following best describes hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that breaks polymers into monomers by adding water.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct match between macromolecule and its function?

Accepted Answer

Protein — catalyzes chemical reactions

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of an enzyme acting in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carbonic anhydrase speeds up the reaction dissolving $$CO_2 in $$your blood.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme needed to break the bonds in cellulose.

Biochemistry Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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