Question 1

Which of the following best describes a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction in which two monomers are joined together by the removal of a water molecule.

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents the hydrolysis of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C$$_{12}$$H_{22}O$$_{11}} + \mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{C_6H_{12}$$O_6$$} + \mathrm{C_6H_{12}$$O_6$$}$ (glucose + fructose)

Question 3

Which of the following is a monosaccharide found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 4

Which carbohydrate is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why lipids are hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

They consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 7

Amino acids are linked together by which type of bond?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 8

Which structural level of a protein is directly affected by a single amino acid substitution, such as in sickle cell disease?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 9

Which of the following factors can cause protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

Decreased pH and increased temperature

Question 10

Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions by:

Accepted Answer

Lowering the activation energy required for the reaction

Question 11

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group

Question 12

Which of the following base pairs is found in DNA but NOT in RNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine–Thymine

Question 13

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

They have a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails.

Question 14

Which of the following is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose?

Accepted Answer

Lactose

Question 15

What is the main function of DNA in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Storing the genetic blueprint for protein synthesis

Question 16

Which of the following correctly matches the class of biomolecule with its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Protein – Amino acid

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the directionality of DNA?

Accepted Answer

The sugar-phosphate backbone gives DNA a 5' to 3' directionality.

Question 18

Which of the following is a steroid molecule?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Question 19

Which of the following is true about RNA compared to DNA?

Accepted Answer

RNA is usually single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.

Question 20

Which of the following is a multi-step process involving both dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Formation and breakdown of glycogen during fasting and feeding cycles

Biomolecules: Carbohydrates and Their Biological Roles

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