Question 1

Which brain imaging technique provides information about brain function by measuring changes in blood flow and oxygenation, and is commonly used to study activity during psychological tasks?

Accepted Answer

fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)

Question 2

Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a genetic mutation that affects the shape of red blood cells. What is the primary consequence of this altered cell shape?

Accepted Answer

Blockage of blood vessels leading to tissue damage

Question 3

According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, which of the following best explains why the sickle-cell mutation persists in certain populations?

Accepted Answer

It provides a survival advantage against malaria in heterozygous individuals

Question 4

A person with two copies of the sickle-cell gene mutation is likely to:

Accepted Answer

Develop sickle-cell anemia and experience severe symptoms

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the combination of chromosomes from egg and sperm to form a human zygote?

Accepted Answer

$$23 + 23 = 46$$

Question 6

Which statement best describes the concept of phenotype?

Accepted Answer

The observable physical and behavioral characteristics resulting from gene-environment interaction

Question 7

If a population in a malaria-endemic region has a high frequency of the sickle-cell allele, what evolutionary mechanism is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection favoring heterozygotes

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of gene-environment interaction in biopsychology?

Accepted Answer

A person inherits a gene for depression but only develops symptoms after experiencing chronic stress

Question 9

Which imaging technique is most suitable for detecting structural abnormalities such as tumors or brain injuries?

Accepted Answer

CT scan

Question 10

A child inherits one sickle-cell allele from each parent. What is the probability that the child will have sickle-cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

$$100\% ($$since two alleles are required for the disease)

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an adaptive behavior studied by evolutionary psychologists?

Accepted Answer

Cooperative child-rearing in human societies

Question 12

Which process is responsible for the transmission of genetic information from parents to offspring?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 13

In the context of biopsychology, what is the main advantage of using fMRI over PET scans?

Accepted Answer

fMRI provides higher spatial and temporal resolution without exposure to radioactive tracers

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Phenotype is the result of genotype interacting with environmental factors

Question 15

A researcher is studying the heritability of depression in families. Which field of psychology is most relevant to this research?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral genetics

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function regulated by hormones in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Neural transmission speed

Question 17

If a person has one normal hemoglobin allele and one sickle-cell allele, what is their likely health outcome in a malaria-endemic region?

Accepted Answer

They will have increased resistance to malaria without severe anemia

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why some psychological disorders, such as depression, tend to run in families?

Accepted Answer

They result from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental influences

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct result of genetic variation in a population?

Accepted Answer

Individuals differ in their susceptibility to diseases

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of evolutionary psychology in biopsychology?

Accepted Answer

It studies how universal patterns of behavior and cognition have evolved over time

Biopsychology: Biological Bases of Behavior

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