$$O_2$$\ capacity = (Hb\ concentration) \times 1.34\ \frac{mL\ $$O_2$$}{g\ Hb}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones for endocrine signaling

Question 2

A patient’s blood sample has a pH of 7.2, a specific gravity of 1.050, and a hematocrit of 60%. Which condition is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 3

Which component of whole blood is considered the non-living matrix?

Accepted Answer

Plasma

Question 4

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 5

During erythropoiesis, at which stage does the developing red blood cell eject its nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Normoblast

Question 6

Which hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells, and where is it primarily produced?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin; kidneys

Question 7

A newborn is diagnosed with erythroblastosis fetalis. Which maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility most likely caused this condition?

Accepted Answer

Rh-negative mother and Rh-positive fetus

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Oxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin bound to oxygen; deoxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin not bound to oxygen

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin in blood?

Accepted Answer

$$O_2$$\ capacity = (Hb\ concentration) 	imes 1.34\ \frac{mL\ $$O_2$$}{g\ Hb}$$

Question 10

Which white blood cell type is most numerous in a normal differential count?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 11

A patient presents with jaundice and elevated bilirubin levels. Which process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown and excretion of hemoglobin from worn-out RBCs

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct sequence in the common pathway of blood coagulation?

Accepted Answer

$$Prothrombin \rightarrow Thrombin \rightarrow Fibrinogen \rightarrow Fibrin$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has a higher affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin (HbA)?

Accepted Answer

HbF binds oxygen more tightly to facilitate oxygen transfer from maternal blood

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Release chemicals that promote vascular spasm and platelet plug formation

Question 15

A patient with type AB blood needs a transfusion. Which donor blood types are compatible?

Accepted Answer

Type A, Type B, Type AB, and Type O

Question 16

Which equation best represents the calculation of hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$$Hematocrit = \frac{Volume\ of\ RBCs}{Total\ Blood\ Volume} 	imes 100\%$$

Question 17

Which process describes the movement of leukocytes out of the bloodstream and into tissues during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Question 18

Which of the following is a common cause of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency

Question 19

Which white blood cell type releases histamine and heparin during allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Basophils

Question 20

A blood sample shows agglutination when mixed with anti-A and anti-B sera, but not with anti-Rh. What is the blood type?

Accepted Answer

AB negative

Blood and Hematology: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

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