$$ \text{Fibrinogen} \xrightarrow{\text{Thrombin}} \text{Fibrin} $$

Question 1

A patient is found to have a hematocrit of 30%. Which of the following best describes what this means?

Accepted Answer

30% of the patient's blood volume is composed of red blood cells.

Question 2

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure and is most abundant in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Albumins

Question 3

A person with type AB blood can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

Any ABO blood type

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why a deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to anemia?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12 is essential for DNA synthesis in developing red blood cells.

Question 5

During hemostasis, which of the following sequences correctly describes the order of events leading to the formation of a stable blood clot?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm → Platelet plug formation → Coagulation

Question 6

A patient with liver failure is likely to have problems with blood clotting because the liver produces which of the following plasma proteins?

Accepted Answer

Albumins and fibrinogen

Question 7

Which of the following statements about red blood cells (RBCs) is correct?

Accepted Answer

RBCs are biconcave discs, which increases their surface area for gas exchange.

Question 8

A person with type O negative blood is considered a universal donor for which reason?

Accepted Answer

Their RBCs lack A, B, and Rh antigens.

Question 9

Which white blood cell type is most abundant in a normal blood sample and is primarily responsible for phagocytosis of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 10

A patient is experiencing jaundice. Which of the following best explains the underlying cause related to red blood cell recycling?

Accepted Answer

Excess bilirubin is produced from the breakdown of heme and accumulates in tissues.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?

Accepted Answer

EPO stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

Question 12

A patient with a genetic deficiency in fibrinogen would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty forming blood clots

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Fibrinogen} \xrightarrow{	ext{Thrombin}} 	ext{Fibrin} $$

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why a person with type A blood cannot safely receive type B blood?

Accepted Answer

Type A blood contains anti-B antibodies that will agglutinate type B RBCs.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of platelets in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Initiating the clotting process at sites of vessel injury

Question 16

A patient with a low neutrophil count is most at risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to bacterial infections

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of basophils in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They release histamine and heparin to promote inflammation and prevent clotting.

Question 18

A patient is given a drug that inhibits the action of plasmin. What effect would this have on hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

It would prevent the dissolution of fibrin clots, leading to excessive clotting.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the composition of blood in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

Plasma makes up about 55% of blood volume, and formed elements about 45%.

Blood: Components, Functions, and Physiology (Chapter 19 Study Guide)

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