Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of energy via aerobic respiration

Question 2

A patient has a hematocrit of 35%. Based on the normal ranges, which of the following is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

The patient may be anemic

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining blood osmolarity and volume?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A blood sample is centrifuged. Which layer contains the majority of leukocytes and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Buffy coat

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the role of erythrocytes in blood pH regulation?

Accepted Answer

$$CO_2 + H_2O$$ \rightarrow H_2CO_3 \rightarrow H^+ + $$HCO_3$$^-$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about erythrocytes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are biconcave discs filled with hemoglobin

Question 7

A patient with sickle cell anemia is likely to experience which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Rigid and fragile erythrocytes leading to hemolysis

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the structure of adult hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Two alpha and two beta globin chains, each with a heme group

Question 9

A person with blood type AB+ can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

Any blood type

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE regarding Rh factor in blood transfusions?

Accepted Answer

Rh+ individuals can safely receive Rh- blood

Question 11

Which leukocyte is most abundant and is the first responder at sites of bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 12

Which type of leukocyte increases in number during parasitic worm infections and helps lessen allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophil

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of basophils?

Accepted Answer

Release of histamine and heparin during inflammation

Question 14

Which cell type is responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct developmental sequence for platelet formation?

Accepted Answer

Hematopoietic stem cell $$\rightarrow$$ Megakaryoblast $$\rightarrow$$ Megakaryocyte $$\rightarrow$$ Platelet

Question 16

During hemostasis, which step involves the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin?

Accepted Answer

Coagulation

Question 17

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors during coagulation?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 18

A patient with chronic infection is likely to have an increased number of which leukocyte?

Accepted Answer

Monocytes

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why albumin is important in maintaining blood volume?

Accepted Answer

It draws water into the bloodstream via osmotic pressure

Question 20

A patient receives a mismatched blood transfusion. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination of donor erythrocytes by recipient antibodies

Blood: Structure, Function, and Components – Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology II

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