Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit ($$Hct) $$given the volume of red blood cells ($$V_{RBC}) $$and the total blood volume ($$V_{total}$$)?

$$Hct = \frac{V_{RBC}}{V_{total}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs

Question 2

A patient with a hematocrit of 60% is most likely experiencing which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting various substances in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A person with type AB- blood can safely receive which of the following blood types in a transfusion?

Accepted Answer

O-

Question 5

During the process of hemostasis, which phase involves the conversion of soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin strands?

Accepted Answer

Coagulation phase

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why red blood cells lack a nucleus and most organelles?

Accepted Answer

To maximize space for hemoglobin and enhance gas transport

Question 7

A patient is found to have elevated eosinophil counts. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Parasitic infection or allergic reaction

Question 8

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit ($$Hct) $$given the volume of red blood cells ($$V_{RBC}) $$and the total blood volume ($$V_{total}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$Hct = \frac{V_{RBC}}{V_{total}} 	imes 100$$

Question 9

A person with type O blood is considered a universal donor for red blood cell transfusions because:

Accepted Answer

Their red blood cells have no A or B antigens

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of erythropoietin (EPO) in erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

It is released by the kidneys to stimulate red blood cell production when oxygen levels are low

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the breakdown of old red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Engulfment by macrophages → hemoglobin broken down → iron recycled → bilirubin excreted

Question 12

A patient with a genetic deficiency in fibrinogen would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty forming stable blood clots

Question 13

Which of the following white blood cells is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes

Question 14

A patient with type A- blood receives a transfusion of type B+ blood. Which of the following is the most likely immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis due to anti-B and anti-Rh antibodies

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why blood is more viscous than water?

Accepted Answer

Blood contains proteins and formed elements that increase resistance to flow

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of diapedesis?

Accepted Answer

The squeezing of white blood cells between endothelial cells to exit the bloodstream

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of the three phases of hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Vascular phase → Platelet phase → Coagulation phase

Question 18

A newborn develops hemolytic disease due to Rh incompatibility. Which of the following best explains the underlying mechanism?

Accepted Answer

The mother is Rh negative and has developed anti-Rh antibodies that attack the Rh positive fetal red blood cells

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They adhere to damaged blood vessels, form a temporary plug, and facilitate clotting

Blood – Structure, Function, and Composition (Anatomy & Physiology II, Chapter 17)

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