$$HCT = \frac{\text{Volume of RBCs}}{\text{Total Blood Volume}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient presents with a hematocrit value of 60%. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this result?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration leading to reduced plasma volume

Question 3

Which component of blood is responsible for transporting the majority of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes (red blood cells)

Question 4

If a person has a blood pH of 7.25, which of the following best describes their condition?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 5

Which of the following factors would most likely increase blood volume in an individual?

Accepted Answer

Larger body size

Question 6

A complete blood count (CBC) is performed by spinning a blood sample in a centrifuge. What is the primary purpose of this test?

Accepted Answer

To separate plasma from formed elements for analysis

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the composition of plasma?

Accepted Answer

Contains dissolved gases, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, hormones, electrolytes, and cellular wastes

Question 8

A male patient has a hematocrit of 38%. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Anemia

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit ($$HCT) as a $$percentage?

Accepted Answer

$$HCT = \frac{	ext{Volume of RBCs}}{	ext{Total Blood Volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about erythrocytes (RBCs) is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are biconcave to increase surface area for gas diffusion

Question 11

Which of the following would most likely result in a decrease in blood viscosity?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in red blood cell count

Question 12

Which of the following is a direct result of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation in the red bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Production of formed elements such as RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

Question 13

A patient undergoing chemotherapy is found to have a low hematocrit. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

Chemotherapy suppresses bone marrow function

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why blood is considered a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It has a fluid extracellular matrix (plasma) and formed elements

Question 15

Which of the following would most likely cause an increase in hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT found dissolved in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells

Question 17

A patient with poor nutrition is found to have a low hematocrit. Which of the following is the most likely physiological explanation?

Accepted Answer

Decreased RBC production due to lack of essential nutrients

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between blood volume and body size?

Accepted Answer

Blood volume increases as body size increases

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the normal range of blood pH?

Accepted Answer

$$7.35 - 7.45$$

Question 20

Which of the following is a major factor that can cause variations in blood volume among individuals?

Accepted Answer

Amount of adipose tissue

Blood: Structure, Functions, and Clinical Relevance

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