$$\text{Hematocrit} = \frac{\text{Volume of erythrocytes}}{\text{Total blood volume}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the composition of blood after centrifugation?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes form the bottom layer, plasma the top, and the buffy coat is in the middle.

Question 2

A patient’s hematocrit is measured at 40%. What does this value represent?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of blood volume composed of erythrocytes.

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining colloid osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is likely to have which of the following findings on a complete blood count (CBC)?

Accepted Answer

Small, pale erythrocytes with decreased hemoglobin concentration.

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly calculates the percentage of blood volume composed of erythrocytes (hematocrit)?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Hematocrit} = \frac{	ext{Volume of erythrocytes}}{	ext{Total blood volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of blood that helps maintain homeostasis during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Blood transports heat away from active tissues to maintain a constant temperature.

Question 7

Which plasma protein is produced by leukocytes and functions in immunity?

Accepted Answer

Gamma-globulin

Question 8

A patient with a deficiency in clotting proteins is most likely to experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive bleeding due to inability to form stable blood clots.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why blood volume is a primary factor in determining blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Blood volume directly affects the amount of fluid in the circulatory system, influencing hydrostatic pressure.

Question 10

Which of the following solutes is found in plasma and is used for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 11

If a patient’s blood pH drops below 7.35, which blood function is most directly involved in restoring acid-base homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Buffer systems in plasma proteins and solutes help maintain pH within the normal range.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about plasma is correct?

Accepted Answer

Plasma is a pale yellow liquid consisting of 90% water and 9% proteins.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a formed element of blood?

Accepted Answer

Plasma

Question 14

A patient with a total blood volume of 5 liters and a hematocrit of 44% has approximately how many liters of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

$$5 	imes 0.44 = 2.2$$ liters

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in blood?

Accepted Answer

Platelets are cell fragments that help seal damaged blood vessels by forming clots.

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of blood’s function in distributing solutes?

Accepted Answer

Blood transports hormones from endocrine glands to target tissues.

Question 17

Which of the following is a critical detail about the buffy coat in centrifuged blood?

Accepted Answer

It contains leukocytes and platelets and makes up about 1% of total blood volume.

Question 18

Which of the following is a major theme in the study of blood as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Blood is a fluid connective tissue that circulates through the heart and blood vessels.

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of a significant decrease in blood volume?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure would decrease, potentially leading to shock.

Blood: Structure, Functions, and Components (Chapter 19 Study Notes)

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica