Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in a bone that is longer than it is wide, such as the femur. According to bone classification, what type of bone is this?

Accepted Answer

Long bone

Question 3

Which structure covers the outer surface of a bone (except at the articular cartilage) and is essential for bone growth in thickness and repair of fractures?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 4

A histology slide shows a cell embedded in a lacuna, exchanging nutrients with blood via canaliculi. Which cell type is this?

Accepted Answer

Osteocyte

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the composition of compact bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

25\% water, 25\% protein fibers, 50\% mineral salts

Question 6

A patient with osteoporosis is losing bone mass due to increased activity of which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the main mineral component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_{10}(PO_4$)_6(OH)_2$$

Question 8

During bone repair, which structure is responsible for providing a rich supply of blood vessels and nerves to the bone surface?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 9

A child is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the epiphyseal plate. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired longitudinal bone growth

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They connect osteocytes in lacunae, allowing exchange of nutrients and waste.

Question 11

A patient has a bone injury that affects the medullary cavity. Which of the following is most likely to be compromised?

Accepted Answer

Storage of yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue)

Question 12

Which of the following statements about osteoblasts is correct?

Accepted Answer

They secrete collagen and build new bone tissue.

Question 13

A forensic scientist finds a bone that is flat and curved, such as a cranial bone. According to bone classification, what type of bone is this?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why bones are both strong and flexible?

Accepted Answer

They contain both collagen fibers (for flexibility) and mineral salts (for hardness).

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct sequence of structures from the outermost to the innermost layer of a long bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum → Compact bone → Endosteum → Medullary cavity

Question 16

A patient with a bone infection has inflammation in the layer that lines the marrow cavity. Which structure is affected?

Accepted Answer

Endosteum

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of the periosteum in bone physiology?

Accepted Answer

It provides a site for ligament and tendon attachment and contains blood vessels for bone nourishment.

Question 18

A 30-year-old athlete suffers a fracture. Which process is most responsible for the bone's ability to remodel and heal after the injury?

Accepted Answer

Bone remodeling involving osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of osteons in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Osteons are arranged in concentric circles (lamellae) around a central canal.

Question 20

A patient with anemia is found to have decreased production of red blood cells. Which part of the bone is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow

Bones: Structure, Function, and Histology – Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard