Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary circulation carries blood between the heart and lungs for gas exchange, while systemic circulation carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body to supply tissues with oxygen and nutrients.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a chief constituent of blood?

Accepted Answer

Lymph

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with anemia. Which blood component is most likely reduced, and what is the primary consequence?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells; decreased oxygen delivery to tissues

Question 4

Which of the following substances is NOT typically transported by the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Bile

Question 5

Why do the walls of capillaries need to be very thin?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate efficient exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between blood and tissues

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why blood is considered a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains cells suspended in a liquid matrix and connects different body systems by transporting substances.

Question 7

A blood pressure reading of 135/90 mm Hg is taken for a patient. Which number refers to the systolic pressure, and which refers to the diastolic pressure?

Accepted Answer

135 is the systolic pressure; 90 is the diastolic pressure.

Question 8

Which of the following is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking tobacco

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of valves in the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Valves prevent blood from flowing backward, ensuring unidirectional flow.

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents cardiac output ($$CO) in $$terms of heart rate ($$HR) $$and stroke volume ($$SV$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a physiological role of blood in the body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between arteries and veins?

Accepted Answer

Arteries carry blood away from the heart under high pressure; veins carry blood toward the heart under lower pressure.

Question 13

Which of the following is a component of arterial plaque that can contribute to cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Question 14

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Left atrium

Question 15

Which of the following is a precursor condition to virtually all cases of cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Hypertension and atherosclerosis

Question 16

A patient suffers a stroke due to a blocked artery in the brain. What is the most immediate effect?

Accepted Answer

Decreased blood flow leading to tissue damage and loss of function in the affected area

Question 17

Which of the following best defines sinus rhythm?

Accepted Answer

The regular rhythm of the heart initiated by the sinoatrial (SA) node

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of plasma in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Transporting nutrients, hormones, and waste products

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the heart and lungs need blood from the systemic circulation?

Accepted Answer

To receive oxygen and nutrients necessary for their own cellular metabolism

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the oxygen content of blood in most veins?

Accepted Answer

It contains some oxygen, but less than arterial blood.

Cardiovascular System: Structure, Function, and Pathology – Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard