Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?

Accepted Answer

To allow molecules such as RNA to move in and out of the nucleus

Question 2

A pathologist receives a tissue sample from a surgical procedure. Which of the following steps is most likely to be performed first to preserve the tissue in a relatively natural state?

Accepted Answer

Fixing the tissue in a preservative such as formaldehyde

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for manufacturing ribosomal subunits and is composed of RNA and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Question 4

In an electron micrograph, which of the following would most likely appear as small, light-colored 'pepper-flecks' within the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Euchromatin

Question 5

A scientist is using an electron microscope to study a cell. What is the main advantage of using an electron microscope over a light microscope?

Accepted Answer

It enables visualization of much smaller cell structures due to higher resolution

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why tissues are embedded in paraffin during histological preparation?

Accepted Answer

To provide support for thin sectioning of the tissue

Question 7

A cell biologist is examining a nucleus and observes dark-stained regions pushed against the nuclear membrane. What is the most likely identity of these regions?

Accepted Answer

Heterochromatin

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Manufacturing ribosomal subunits

Question 9

During the preparation of a tissue sample for microscopic examination, which chemical is commonly used to fix the tissue and prevent decay?

Accepted Answer

Formaldehyde

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the centromere during cell division?

Accepted Answer

It is the point of attachment between replicated strands of DNA

Question 11

A student is examining a micrograph and identifies a structure with a double membrane and pores. Which structure is most likely being observed?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 12

Which of the following statements about chromatin is correct?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin consists of DNA and proteins and exists in different forms

Question 13

A pathologist is preparing a tissue sample and needs to visualize cell nuclei. Which staining combination is most likely to be used for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

Hematoxylin and eosin

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why the nuclear envelope has both an inner and outer membrane?

Accepted Answer

To keep the inside of the nucleus isolated from the cytoplasm

Question 15

A researcher observes a cell with a prominent nucleolus. What is the most likely function of this structure?

Accepted Answer

Manufacture of ribosomal subunits

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between euchromatin and heterochromatin as seen in electron micrographs?

Accepted Answer

Euchromatin is light-stained and accessible, while heterochromatin is dark-stained and condensed

Question 17

A tissue sample is being prepared for electron microscopy. Which of the following is a key reason for using heavy metals such as osmium tetroxide during preparation?

Accepted Answer

To increase electron density and contrast in the sample

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleoplasm?

Accepted Answer

It is the cytoplasm of the nucleus, containing nucleotides, amino acids, and ions

Question 19

A student is asked to identify the function of the nuclear envelope. Which of the following is the most accurate answer?

Accepted Answer

It keeps the inside of the nucleus isolated from the cytoplasm

Question 20

In a real-world scenario, a patient’s biopsy is processed for cancer diagnosis. Which sequence of steps is most likely followed in the pathology lab?

Accepted Answer

Fixation, embedding in paraffin, sectioning, staining

Cell Structure and Electron Microscopy: Identification and Function of Organelles

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