Q: Which equation correctly represents the net movement of water during osmosis?

$$\text{Net movement of water:} \\ H_2O \rightarrow \text{area of higher solute concentration}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the most likely outcome for the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will swell and may lyse due to water moving into the cell.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It requires ATP to move substances across the membrane.

Question 4

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypertonic relative to their blood plasma. What effect will this have on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cells, causing them to shrink (crenate).

Question 5

Which transport method is used by cells to move large particles such as bacteria into the cell?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the sodium-potassium pump is correct?

Accepted Answer

It moves 3 $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ ions out of the cell and 2 $$\mathrm{K^+}$$ ions into the cell using ATP.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why facilitated diffusion is necessary for glucose transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is too large and polar to pass through the lipid bilayer without the help of protein channels.

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents the net movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Net movement of water:} \ H_2O ightarrow 	ext{area of higher solute concentration}$$

Question 9

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates active transport?

Accepted Answer

A cell uses ATP to move $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ ions from a region of low concentration inside the cell to a region of high concentration outside the cell.

Question 10

Which process is responsible for the release of hormones from a cell?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 11

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell's volume?

Accepted Answer

It will remain unchanged because there is no net movement of water.

Question 12

Which of the following is a key difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion does not require ATP, while active transport does.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes pinocytosis?

Accepted Answer

The cell engulfs small particles and extracellular fluid by forming vesicles.

Question 14

A solution has a solute concentration of 0.9% NaCl. A cell with an internal concentration of 0.5% NaCl is placed in this solution. What type of solution is this for the cell, and what will happen?

Accepted Answer

The solution is hypertonic; water will leave the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 15

Which of the following substances is most likely to cross the cell membrane via simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the sodium-potassium pump is considered an example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

It moves ions against their concentration gradients using energy from ATP.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the movement of molecules in facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Molecules move down their concentration gradient through specific protein channels.

Question 18

A cell needs to secrete a large protein hormone. Which process will it most likely use?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the direction of movement for sodium and potassium ions in the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

$$3\ \mathrm{Na^+}$$ out, $$2\ \mathrm{K^+} in$$

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a process that requires vesicular transport?

Accepted Answer

A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium via phagocytosis.

Cells and Cellular Transport: Diffusion, Osmosis, and Membrane Transport Mechanisms

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