Question 1

Which type of endocytosis is primarily responsible for the uptake of cholesterol attached to low-density lipoproteins (LDL) into cells?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 2

A macrophage engulfs a bacterium by extending its membrane around the particle, forming a vesicle. What is the name of this vesicle?

Accepted Answer

Phagosome

Question 3

Which process is described as 'cell drinking' and is the main way nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis

Question 4

After a vesicle is formed during endocytosis, which of the following is a possible fate for the vesicle?

Accepted Answer

It fuses with a lysosome

Question 5

Which of the following statements about pinocytosis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is used by cells to sample their environment

Question 6

Some pathogens exploit which cellular process to gain entry into cells by mimicking ligands for cell-surface receptors?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

It is a nonspecific process

Question 8

During receptor-mediated endocytosis, what is the role of the protein coat on the vesicle?

Accepted Answer

It helps in the selective formation and internalization of the vesicle

Question 9

Which equation best represents the balance of potassium ions ($$K^+) $$across the plasma membrane at resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

$$K^+$$ efflux = $$K^+$$ influx$

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the resting membrane potential (RMP) in most cells?

Accepted Answer

It is mainly established by the movement of $$K^+$$ ions

Question 11

A cell is exposed to a toxin that blocks the Na$$^+-K$^+$$ pump. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The electrochemical gradients for Na$$^+$$ and K$$^+$$ will dissipate over time

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

They attract white blood cells to injured or infected areas

Question 13

Which organelle is responsible for producing most of the cell's ATP via aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 14

A patient has a genetic defect in the enzyme catalase. Which organelle's function will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Question 15

Which cytoskeletal element is primarily responsible for resisting pulling forces and is composed of tetramer fibrils?

Accepted Answer

Intermediate filaments

Question 16

Which cellular extension is found in the small intestine and increases surface area for absorption?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Question 17

Which of the following equations represents the action of the Na$$^+-K$^+$$ pump?

Accepted Answer

$$3Na^+$$ out, $$2K^+ in$

Question 18

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion or use within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 19

A cell is observed to have an elaborate smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Which function is this cell MOST likely specialized for?

Accepted Answer

Steroid hormone synthesis and detoxification

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the structure of cilia?

Accepted Answer

9 pairs of microtubules surrounding one central pair

LECTURE Chapter 3 - Cell Structure and Function - PART 2

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica