Q: Which of the following is the correct molar mass of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$)?

$$(6 \times 12.01) + (12 \times 1.01) + (6 \times 16.00) = 180.16 g/$$mol

Q: A solution is made by dissolving 10 g of NaCl in enough water to make 100 mL of solution. What is the percentage (mass/volume) of NaCl in this solution?

$$\frac{10\ \text{g}}{100\ \text{mL}} \times 100 = 10\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between an element and a compound?

Accepted Answer

An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom, while a compound consists of two or more elements combined in a fixed ratio.

Question 2

A patient is exposed to a radioisotope with a half-life of 8 days. If the initial dose is 160 mg, how much of the isotope remains after 24 days?

Accepted Answer

$$160 \div 2^3$ = 20 mg$$

Question 3

Which statement about free radicals is correct?

Accepted Answer

Free radicals are unstable molecules with an unpaired electron that can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids.

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct molar mass of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$)?

Accepted Answer

$$(6 	imes 12.01) + (12 	imes 1.01) + (6 	imes 16.00) = 180.16 g/$$mol

Question 5

Which type of chemical bond is responsible for the surface tension of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 6

A solution is made by dissolving 10 g of NaCl in enough water to make 100 mL of solution. What is the percentage (mass/volume) of NaCl in this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{10\ 	ext{g}}{100\ 	ext{mL}} 	imes 100 = 10\%$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why carbon is the backbone of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon has four valence electrons, allowing it to form four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Question 8

Which of the following reactions is an example of a neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl} + \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 9

Which statement about the law of conservation of energy is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be converted from one form to another.

Question 10

A buffer system in the blood helps maintain pH by:

Accepted Answer

Resisting changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally, resulting in partial charges.

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of water that is essential for life?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat, which helps maintain stable body temperature.

Question 14

A molecule of water ($$H_2O) is $$described as:

Accepted Answer

A polar molecule due to unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why salts are important in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Salts dissociate into ions in water, helping conduct electrical currents and maintain fluid balance.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct definition of Avogadro's number?

Accepted Answer

The number of particles in one mole of a substance: $$6.022 	imes 10$$^{23}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a catabolic reaction?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration to produce ATP.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about pH is correct?

Accepted Answer

A solution with a pH less than 7 is acidic, and a solution with a pH greater than 7 is basic.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP acts as a rechargeable battery, storing and transferring energy for cellular processes.

Chapter 02: Chemistry Comes Alive – Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard