Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of erythrocytes (RBCs) in human blood?

Accepted Answer

Carry oxygen from the lungs to tissues

Question 2

A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.25. Which condition does this indicate, and what is a possible consequence?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis; impaired enzyme function

Question 3

Which blood component is responsible for forming a mesh that stabilizes a blood clot during hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Fibrin

Question 4

A newborn is diagnosed with physiologic jaundice. What is the underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

Liver unable to process hemoglobin fast enough

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for blood pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$$

Question 6

A patient with polycythemia is at increased risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Slowed blood flow and increased clotting risk

Question 7

Which blood type is considered the universal donor, and why?

Accepted Answer

Type O; has no RBC antigens

Question 8

During an infection, which leukocyte is most likely to increase in number and act as the primary phagocyte?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 9

A woman with Rh-negative blood is pregnant with an Rh-positive baby. What is the risk, and how can it be prevented?

Accepted Answer

Hemolytic disease of the newborn; prevent with RhoGAM

Question 10

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 11

A patient with hemophilia is most likely to have which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Excessive bleeding due to missing clotting factors

Question 12

Which of the following correctly matches the blood component with its function?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils — Phagocytosis of bacteria

Question 13

Which phase of hemostasis involves platelets sticking to exposed collagen and releasing chemicals?

Accepted Answer

Platelet plug formation

Question 14

A patient with leukocytosis is most likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Infection causing elevated WBC count

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding fetal hemoglobin compared to adult hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Fetal hemoglobin has higher oxygen affinity

Question 16

Which hormone stimulates the production of erythrocytes in the bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin

Question 17

A blood sample is centrifuged. Which layer contains the majority of white blood cells and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Buffy coat

Question 18

Which of the following is a granulocyte that releases histamine and heparin during allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Basophil

Question 19

A patient with thrombocytopenia is at risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Easy bleeding due to low platelets

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why cross-matching is necessary before blood transfusions?

Accepted Answer

To prevent agglutination due to incompatible antigens and antibodies

Chapter 10 – Blood: Complete Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica