Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To detect changes in the environment, process information, and coordinate responses

Question 2

Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 3

A patient is unable to feel pain in their hand but can still move their fingers. Which function of the nervous system is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Sensory function

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches a neuroglial cell with its location and function?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte: CNS; forms myelin sheath

Question 5

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Receive incoming signals from other neurons

Question 6

How does myelin affect the propagation of action potentials?

Accepted Answer

It allows action potentials to jump between nodes, increasing speed

Question 7

Which type of ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated channel

Question 8

During the depolarization phase of an action potential, which ions move and in which direction?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ions move into the cell

Question 9

A neuron has a resting membrane potential of $$-70\ \mathrm{mV}. $$What is the typical threshold potential required to initiate an action potential?

Accepted Answer

$$-55\ \mathrm{mV}$$

Question 10

Which statement best describes the difference between an action potential and a graded potential?

Accepted Answer

Graded potentials decrease in strength as they travel, while action potentials do not

Question 11

Which of the following best explains the absolute refractory period?

Accepted Answer

A period when no stimulus, no matter how strong, can initiate another action potential

Question 12

Saltatory conduction occurs in which type of axon?

Accepted Answer

Myelinated axons

Question 13

If the diameter of an axon increases, what happens to the speed of action potential propagation?

Accepted Answer

It increases

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a synapse?

Accepted Answer

A junction between two neurons where information is transmitted

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE about chemical synapses compared to electrical synapses?

Accepted Answer

Chemical synapses use neurotransmitters to transmit signals across the synaptic cleft

Question 16

After an action potential has been completed, what typically happens to neurotransmitter in the synapse?

Accepted Answer

It is removed by reuptake, diffusion, or enzymatic breakdown

Question 17

Which ions are in higher concentration outside a neuron at rest?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ions ($$Na^+)$$

Question 18

A neuron is hyperpolarized if its membrane potential is:

Accepted Answer

More negative than resting potential

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of neuroglial cells?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting action potentials

Question 20

Which scenario best illustrates the integrative function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Processing sensory input to make a decision about movement

Chapter 11: Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue – Study Notes

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