Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

It directs air to the lungs and conditions it by warming, moistening, and filtering.

Question 2

Which structure prevents food from entering the respiratory tract during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Question 3

What tissue change occurs as the bronchial tree branches from primary to tertiary bronchi?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage decreases and smooth muscle increases.

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the right and left primary bronchi?

Accepted Answer

The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left.

Question 5

Which cell type in the alveoli is responsible for secreting surfactant to reduce surface tension?

Accepted Answer

Type II alveolar cell

Question 6

During normal inhalation, which muscle is primarily responsible for increasing thoracic volume?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents Boyle's Law as it applies to pulmonary ventilation?

Accepted Answer

$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$ = $$P_2$$ $$V_2$$

Question 8

A patient inhales deeply, increasing the volume of their thoracic cavity. According to Boyle's Law, what happens to the pressure inside the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Pressure decreases, causing air to flow in.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the nose in the conducting zone?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange with blood

Question 10

Which region of the pharynx is involved only in respiration and not in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Nasopharynx

Question 11

What is the main function of the vestibular folds (false vocal cords) in the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Close the glottis during swallowing

Question 12

Which layer of the trachea traps and removes debris from inhaled air?

Accepted Answer

Mucosa

Question 13

Which of the following statements about alveolar macrophages is correct?

Accepted Answer

They remove debris and pathogens from the alveoli.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why the right lung has three secondary bronchi while the left lung has only two?

Accepted Answer

The heart's position reduces space for bronchi in the left lung.

Question 15

Which transition in epithelial tissue occurs as the bronchial tree branches become smaller?

Accepted Answer

Ciliated pseudostratified to simple cuboidal

Question 16

Which structure is located anterior to the esophagus and contains C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Trachea

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of Type I alveolar cells?

Accepted Answer

They are squamous cells covering most of the alveolar surface for gas diffusion.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the bronchopulmonary segment?

Accepted Answer

It is a subdivision of a lung lobe supplied by its own bronchus and blood vessels.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a component of the larynx's cartilage framework?

Accepted Answer

Carina

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the respiratory zone is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where gas exchange occurs in alveoli.

Chapter 21: The Respiratory System – Structure and Function

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