Question 1

Which of the following is a primary function of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Supports and protects the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in the vertebral column. Which division of the skeleton is affected?

Accepted Answer

Axial skeleton

Question 3

Which bone type is best described as being long and tubular, such as the femur?

Accepted Answer

Long bone

Question 4

What is the main mineral stored in bones, and what percentage of the body's total is found there?

Accepted Answer

Calcium; 98%

Question 5

Which process describes the movement of calcium ions from bone into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast activity

Question 6

A fracture that projects through the skin is classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Open (compound) fracture

Question 7

During bone repair, which phase involves the formation of a fibrocartilaginous callus?

Accepted Answer

Reparative phase

Question 8

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the growth spurt at puberty by increasing osteoblast activity?

Accepted Answer

Sex hormones

Question 9

Osteoporosis is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass compromising function

Question 10

Which structure covers the parts of the epiphysis that articulate with other bones and is avascular?

Accepted Answer

Articular cartilage

Question 11

Which equation best represents the relationship between calcium homeostasis and bone cell activity?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca^{2+}$$_{blood} = $$Ca^{2+}$$_{released\ by\ osteoclasts} - $$Ca^{2+}$$_{deposited\ by\ osteoblasts}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Hormone synthesis

Question 13

A patient presents with a loss of bone mass and increased risk of vertebral fractures. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 14

Which bone cell type is responsible for depositing new bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 15

Which part of a long bone contains the marrow cavity?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the appendicular skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Includes bones of the limbs and girdles that connect limbs to trunk

Question 17

Which landmark is commonly used to identify the location of the hip joint during a physical exam?

Accepted Answer

Greater trochanter

Question 18

Which of the following movements describes bringing fingers together toward the midline?

Accepted Answer

Adduction

Question 19

Which type of bone marrow is primarily involved in energy storage?

Accepted Answer

Yellow bone marrow

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

Dense connective tissue covering the outer surface of bone

Chapter 6: The Skeletal System – Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology

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