Question 1

Which of the following best describes a synthesis reaction in the context of human physiology?

Accepted Answer

A reaction where atoms, molecules, or ions are combined to form more complex compounds, such as the formation of proteins from amino acids.

Question 2

Which of the following equations represents a reversible reaction important for maintaining acid-base balance in the body?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{CO_2$} + \mathrm{H_2O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H_2CO_3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H^+} + \mathrm{$$HCO_3$$^-} $$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction where a molecule is broken down into smaller molecules or ions, such as the breakdown of glycogen into glucose.

Question 4

In the context of chemical reactions in the body, what does the term 'metabolism' refer to?

Accepted Answer

The sum of all chemical reactions occurring in the body.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a synthesis reaction in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The formation of a protein from amino acids.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a reversible reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that can proceed in both directions and reach equilibrium, such as the carbonic acid-bicarbonate system.

Question 7

A patient is experiencing acidosis. Which direction will the following reaction shift to help restore normal pH? $$ \mathrm{CO_2$} + \mathrm{H_2O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H_2CO_3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H^+} + \mathrm{$$HCO_3$$^-} $$

Accepted Answer

Toward the production of more $$ \mathrm{CO_2$} $$ and $$ \mathrm{H_2O} $$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a correct unit for expressing the concentration of a solution?

Accepted Answer

Milliliters per deciliter (mL/dL)

Question 9

If a solution contains 5 grams of NaCl in 100 mL of water, what is the concentration in percent ($$ \% $$)?

Accepted Answer

$$ 5\% $$

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of equilibrium in a reversible reaction?

Accepted Answer

The concentrations of reactants and products remain constant because the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal.

Question 11

A scientist is studying the breakdown of animal protein into amino acids. Which type of reaction is this?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reaction

Question 12

Which of the following statements about chemical reactions in the body is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis reactions require the formation of new bonds between atoms.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the direction of a reversible reaction?

Accepted Answer

It can proceed in either direction depending on the concentrations of reactants and products.

Question 14

In the equation $$ \mathrm{A} + \mathrm{B} \rightarrow \mathrm{AB} $$, what type of reaction is represented?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis reaction

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction relevant to human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of glycogen into glucose.

Question 16

A solution has a concentration of 10 mg/dL. How many milligrams of solute are present in 250 mL of this solution?

Accepted Answer

25 mg

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the carbonic acid-bicarbonate system is important in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It helps maintain acid-base balance by buffering changes in pH.

Question 18

If the concentration of a solution is given as 0.5 M, what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

There are 0.5 moles of solute per liter of solution.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a reversible reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{A} + \mathrm{B} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{AB} $$

Chemical Reactions in Anatomy & Physiology: Types, Terminology, and Biological Relevance

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