$$\text{Mass number} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Accepted Answer

A compound involves chemical bonding between components, while a mixture does not.

Question 2

Which element is the most abundant in the human body by mass and is essential for cellular energy production?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 3

An atom of lithium is represented as $$^7_3Li. $$What does the superscript '7' indicate?

Accepted Answer

The mass number (total protons and neutrons)

Question 4

Which type of chemical bond is formed by the sharing of two or more valence shell electrons between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 5

A solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water is best classified as which type of mixture?

Accepted Answer

Solution

Question 6

Which of the following statements about energy conversion in biological systems is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but some energy is lost as heat.

Question 7

Which of the following is a trace element required for enzyme activation in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Zinc

Question 8

What is the correct formula for calculating the mass number of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mass number} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 9

Which type of chemical reaction is represented by the following equation: $$A + B \rightarrow AB$$?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis reaction

Question 10

In the reaction $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{ATP}$$, which molecule is oxidized?

Accepted Answer

Glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$)

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why many chemical reactions in the body are not easily reversible?

Accepted Answer

The energy required to reverse the reaction is too high or products are removed.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

They are an attractive force between an electropositive hydrogen and an electronegative atom.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that results in a net release of energy.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to have 8 electrons in their valence shell, except hydrogen and helium.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of a suspension in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood with cells suspended in plasma

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides energy for cellular processes.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 18

Which type of covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared unequally between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bond

Question 19

Which of the following factors would increase the rate of a chemical reaction in the body?

Accepted Answer

Increasing concentration of reactants

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are formed by linking monomers through chemical bonds.

Chemistry Comes Alive: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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