$$MV = 500 \times 12 = 6000 mL/$$min

Question 1

Which structure is responsible for preventing food from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Soft palate

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty breathing and a hoarse voice. Which anatomical structure is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Larynx

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Site of gas exchange between air and blood

Question 4

If a person’s tidal volume ($$TV) is 500 mL $$and their respiratory rate is 12 breaths per minute, what is their minute ventilation ($$MV$$)?

$$MV = TV 	imes 	ext{Respiratory Rate}$$

Accepted Answer

$$MV = 500 	imes 12 = 6000 mL/$$min

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Production of insulin

Question 6

A positive test for glucose in urine most likely indicates which condition?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Question 7

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Question 8

Which anatomical structure is found at the junction between the small intestine and the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Ileocecal valve

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of bile?

Accepted Answer

Emulsifies fats to aid in digestion

Question 10

A patient’s spirometry results show a decreased vital capacity ($$VC) $$but a normal tidal volume ($$TV). $$Which condition is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Restrictive lung disease

Question 11

Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for reabsorption of water and nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

Question 12

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the upper respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Trachea

Question 13

If a patient has a positive test for hemoglobin in their urine, what does this most likely indicate?

Accepted Answer

Hemolysis or bleeding in the urinary tract

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence of airflow through the respiratory tree?

Accepted Answer

Primary bronchi → Secondary bronchi → Tertiary bronchi → Terminal bronchioles → Respiratory bronchioles → Alveolar ducts → Alveoli

Question 15

Which of the following best explains the effect of positive pressure on lung volume?

Accepted Answer

Positive pressure increases lung volume by forcing air into the lungs

Question 16

Which anatomical feature distinguishes the right lung from the left lung?

Accepted Answer

The right lung has three lobes; the left lung has two lobes

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating total lung capacity ($$TLC$$)?

$$TLC = VC + RV$$

Accepted Answer

$$TLC = TV + IRV + ERV + RV$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

Stores and concentrates bile

Question 19

A patient has a blockage in the common bile duct. Which digestive process will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of fats

Question 20

Which of the following structures is responsible for the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Comprehensive Study Notes: Anatomy & Physiology Lab Practical Review

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