Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones such as insulin

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture at the diaphysis of the femur. Which part of the bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

The shaft of the bone

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones, while spongy bone is porous and found mainly at the ends of long bones.

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, which of the following occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a cartilage model

Question 5

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 6

A synovial joint is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Direct connection of bone by dense fibrous tissue

Question 7

Which movement describes moving a limb away from the midline of the body?

Accepted Answer

Abduction

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It stores and releases calcium ions ($$Ca^{2+}) $$necessary for muscle contraction.

Question 9

A patient is unable to extend their knee after a sports injury. Which type of synovial joint movement is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Extension

Question 10

Which of the following best distinguishes the Central Nervous System (CNS) from the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS includes all neural tissue outside the CNS.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of osteoclasts?

Accepted Answer

They break down bone matrix, releasing calcium into the blood.

Question 12

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 13

A 65-year-old woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following best explains her condition?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass and increased bone fragility due to an imbalance between bone resorption and formation.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of appositional growth in bones?

Accepted Answer

Increase in bone diameter by addition of new bone tissue at the surface.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Action potential arrives at the neuromuscular junction $$\rightarrow$$ acetylcholine is released $$\rightarrow$$ calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum $$\rightarrow$$ actin and myosin interact

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It is a connective tissue membrane covering the outer surface of bones, involved in bone growth and repair.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the synovial fluid in joints?

Accepted Answer

Lubricates the joint to reduce friction between articular cartilages.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between a tendon and a ligament?

Accepted Answer

A tendon connects muscle to bone, while a ligament connects bone to bone.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides the energy for the myosin heads to detach from actin and reset for another contraction cycle.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the axon in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body toward other neurons or effectors.

Comprehensive Study Notes: Osseous Tissue, Skeletal System, Joints, Muscular System, and Nervous System

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard