Q: Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the components of bone matrix by dry weight?

$$\text{Bone matrix dry weight} = \frac{1}{3} \text{collagen} + \frac{2}{3} \text{calcium phosphate}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of dense regular connective tissue, and where is it most commonly found?

Accepted Answer

It resists predictable tension and is found in tendons and ligaments.

Question 2

A patient suffers a deep cut that damages both the epidermis and dermis. Which tissue repair process is most likely to occur in the dermis, and what is the main cell type involved?

Accepted Answer

Fibrosis by fibroblasts

Question 3

Which connective tissue type is characterized by a matrix with abundant collagen fibers arranged in random directions, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Dense irregular connective tissue; resists unpredictable tension

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular and relies on diffusion for nutrient delivery.

Question 5

A histological slide shows tissue with large, empty-looking cells and a sparse extracellular matrix. Which tissue is this, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue; energy storage and insulation

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct pairing of connective tissue cell type and its function?

Accepted Answer

Chondroblasts – secrete cartilage matrix

Question 7

Which connective tissue type is most responsible for forming the stroma (supportive framework) of lymph nodes and spleen, and what is the main fiber type present?

Accepted Answer

Reticular connective tissue; reticular fibers

Question 8

A marathon runner experiences muscle fatigue. Which connective tissue property is most relevant to the storage and release of energy during prolonged exercise?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue stores triglycerides for energy release

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of serous membranes?

Accepted Answer

They consist of a simple squamous epithelium and loose connective tissue, lining body cavities and secreting serous fluid.

Question 10

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the components of bone matrix by dry weight?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Bone matrix dry weight} = \frac{1}{3} 	ext{collagen} + \frac{2}{3} 	ext{calcium phosphate}$$

Question 11

A patient with a genetic defect in elastic fibers would most likely have problems in which tissue, and what symptom might they experience?

Accepted Answer

Elastic connective tissue; reduced ability of large arteries to stretch

Question 12

Which of the following best distinguishes skeletal muscle tissue from cardiac and smooth muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated and have obvious striations.

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the extracellular matrix (ECM) in connective tissues?

Accepted Answer

The ECM is more abundant than cells and plays a major role in tissue function.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of fibrosis during tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Damaged cells are replaced by collagen produced by fibroblasts, resulting in scar tissue.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why blood is classified as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It has a liquid extracellular matrix (plasma) and originates from mesenchyme.

Question 16

A patient with a deficiency in fibroblasts would most likely have impaired:

Accepted Answer

Production of collagen fibers and tissue repair

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of synovial membranes?

Accepted Answer

They line freely movable joint cavities and secrete synovial fluid for lubrication.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of macrophages in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They phagocytize foreign particles and help in immune defense.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a membrane-like structure and its function?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membrane; lines inner body surfaces that open to the outside and secretes mucus

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why bone tissue is able to resist both compression and tension?

Accepted Answer

It contains both collagen fibers (for tension) and mineral salts (for compression).

Connective, Muscle, and Nervous Tissues: Structure, Function, and Repair

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