Question 1

Which of the following factors does NOT directly influence the degree of target cell activation by a hormone?

Accepted Answer

Rate of hormone synthesis in the hypothalamus

Question 2

A patient is experiencing symptoms of diabetes insipidus, including intense thirst and excessive urine output. Which hormone is most likely deficient, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH); promotes water reabsorption in kidneys

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the process of up-regulation in hormone signaling?

Accepted Answer

Target cells increase the number of receptors in response to persistent low hormone levels

Question 4

A hormone has a half-life of 2 hours. If the initial concentration is $$100 \ \mu g/mL$$, what will its concentration be after 6 hours?

Accepted Answer

$$12.5 \ \mu g/mL$$

Question 5

Which hormone is released from the posterior pituitary and acts as a neurohormone to trigger milk ejection during breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding lipid-soluble hormones?

Accepted Answer

They are usually bound to plasma proteins in the blood

Question 7

A patient with a pituitary tumor is found to have excessive thickening of bones in the hands, feet, and face. Which condition does this describe, and what hormone is involved?

Accepted Answer

Acromegaly; growth hormone

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of antagonism in hormone interactions?

Accepted Answer

Insulin lowers blood glucose while glucagon raises it

Question 9

Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroids?

Accepted Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 10

Which of the following is a direct metabolic effect of growth hormone (GH)?

Accepted Answer

Decreases rate of cellular glucose uptake and metabolism in most tissues

Question 11

A patient presents with inappropriate lactation, lack of menses, and infertility. Which hormone is most likely over-secreted?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Question 12

Which of the following hormones is NOT classified as a tropic hormone?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone (GH)

Question 13

Which hormone's secretion is directly inhibited by rising blood levels of glucocorticoids?

Accepted Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action for water-soluble hormones?

Accepted Answer

They usually act through second messenger systems

Question 15

A patient is found to have low levels of FSH and LH before puberty. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion is low before puberty

Question 16

Which hormone is released in response to high blood osmolarity and acts to conserve water in the body?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of synergism in hormone action?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon and epinephrine both cause the liver to release glucose, amplifying the effect

Question 18

Which hormone is released from the anterior pituitary in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 19

Which of the following statements about hormone half-life is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lipid-soluble hormones generally have a longer half-life because they are bound to plasma proteins

endocrine: section 5 and 6

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard