$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which anatomical term best describes the position of the heart relative to the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Medial

Question 2

A patient is lying face up on an operating table. What anatomical position is this?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of negative feedback in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It reverses the direction of change to maintain stability.

Question 4

Which of the following molecules is considered organic?

Accepted Answer

C6H12O6 (glucose)

Question 5

A solution has a pH of 5. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is acidic.

Question 6

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP, the cell’s main energy molecule?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 7

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 8

Which process requires energy to move substances across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 9

What is the correct sequence of the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA → RNA → Protein

Question 10

Which base pairs with adenine (A) in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Thymine (T)

Question 11

A mutation occurs in the gene coding for a protein. Which process will be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 12

Which of the following is true about water as a molecule in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It is polar and has unequal charge distribution.

Question 13

If a cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of solutes than inside the cell, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

Water will move out of the cell by osmosis.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Make proteins

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct representation of the ATP hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Packages proteins

Question 17

During protein synthesis, which site on the ribosome is responsible for the arrival of tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A-site

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct base pairing in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A-U, C-G

Question 19

A cell undergoes mitosis and produces two daughter cells. What is true about the genetic material in these cells?

Accepted Answer

Each has identical DNA to the original cell.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

DNA is converted to mRNA.

Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology: Human Body, Chemistry, Cells, and Genetics

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