Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between organic and inorganic compounds in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen, while inorganic compounds generally lack carbon.

Question 2

Which four elements make up approximately 96% of the human body's mass?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 3

A synthesis reaction in the body can be represented by which general equation?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB \rightarrow A + B$$

Question 5

Which subatomic particle is responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms and where is it located?

Accepted Answer

Electron; in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus

Question 6

What is the main function of RNA in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Acts as a messenger to help synthesize proteins from DNA instructions

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the most plentiful inorganic substance in the body?

Accepted Answer

Water is a solvent that facilitates chemical reactions and transport of substances.

Question 8

Which of the following is a property of hydrophobic molecules?

Accepted Answer

They repel water and do not mix with it.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared unequally, creating partial charges on atoms.

Question 10

Which of the following is the most abundant lipid in the human body and diet?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides

Question 11

How many calories do lipids provide per gram?

Accepted Answer

9 calories per gram

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides energy for cellular processes by releasing a phosphate group.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a classification of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why electrolytes are important in the body?

Accepted Answer

They help maintain fluid balance and conduct electrical signals.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct chemical symbol for sodium chloride?

Accepted Answer

NaCl

Question 16

Which of the following best describes how an ionic bond forms?

Accepted Answer

Atoms transfer electrons, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract each other.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct pairing of DNA bases?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with Thymine

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct chemical symbol for water?

Accepted Answer

H2O

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a synthesis reaction in the body?

Accepted Answer

The formation of a protein from amino acids

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the term 'hydrophilic'?

Accepted Answer

Attracts water and dissolves easily in it

Fundamental Chemistry Concepts for Anatomy & Physiology

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