Question 1

Which of the following best describes the subatomic particles of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 2

The atomic number of an element is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 3

Valence electrons are important because they:

Accepted Answer

Determine the chemical reactivity of an atom

Question 4

A polar molecule is unique because:

Accepted Answer

It has an uneven distribution of charge

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB + H_2O$$

Question 6

The pH scale is used to measure:

Accepted Answer

The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 7

A nucleotide is made up of which components?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 8

Which of the following compounds is considered inorganic?

Accepted Answer

NaCl (sodium chloride)

Question 9

Isotopes of an element differ in their:

Accepted Answer

Number of neutrons

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a type of carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Triglyceride

Question 11

Which bases are complementary in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine and Thymine; Guanine and Cytosine

Question 12

A weak acid is defined as:

Accepted Answer

An acid that partially dissociates in water

Question 13

How are saturated fats different from unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms

Question 14

Which vitamin is produced in the skin upon exposure to sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 15

The building blocks of proteins are:

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

They speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy

Question 17

Hydrogen bonds in water are responsible for which property?

Accepted Answer

High surface tension

Question 18

Where are protons and electrons located in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Protons in the nucleus, electrons in the electron cloud

Question 19

If a solution has a pH of 3, what is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$moles per liter?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-life example of a dehydration synthesis reaction in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Formation of glycogen from glucose molecules

Fundamental Concepts in Anatomy & Physiology: Chemistry and Biomolecules

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