$$E = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[\text{ion}]_{\text{outside}}}{[\text{ion}]_{\text{inside}}} \right)$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT part of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

A nerve

Question 2

During the steep phase of repolarization in an axon, which ion current predominates?

Accepted Answer

Chiefly a potassium current

Question 3

If an EPSP is generated on the dendritic membrane, which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ion channels will open first and then close as potassium ion channels open

Question 4

The velocity of nerve impulse conduction is greatest in which type of fiber?

Accepted Answer

Myelinated, large-diameter fibers

Question 5

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to stimulate muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 6

Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by poisoning blocks neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction because:

Accepted Answer

ACh is not broken down and the postsynaptic cell remains depolarized

Question 7

Which supporting cell of the CNS helps regulate the ionic composition of the extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

Astrocyte

Question 8

Which type of circuit is best for amplifying a signal so that one neuron can activate many others?

Accepted Answer

Diverging

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the sequence of events that must occur to generate an action potential (AP)?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization due to Na$$^{+}$$ influx, followed by repolarization due to K$$^{+}$$ efflux

Question 10

Which of the following glial cells myelinates nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is most likely to be involved when a person feels pleasure after eating chocolate?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why an IPSP is inhibitory?

Accepted Answer

It hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic membrane, making the threshold of excitation harder to reach

Question 13

Which of the following is a biogenic amine neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for the Nernst equation used to calculate the equilibrium potential for an ion?

Accepted Answer

$$E = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[	ext{ion}]_{	ext{outside}}}{[	ext{ion}]_{	ext{inside}}} ight)$$

Question 15

A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called:

Accepted Answer

An interneuron

Question 16

Which structural and functional type of neuron is activated first to move your finger away from a hot stove?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neuron

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between graded potentials and action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Graded potentials can vary in amplitude and decay with distance, while action potentials are all-or-none and do not decay

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the events at a chemical synapse?

Accepted Answer

Action potential arrives, Ca$$^{2+}$$ channels open, neurotransmitter released, postsynaptic receptor activated

Question 19

Dopamine and serotonin are examples of which class of neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

Biogenic amines

Question 20

Which glial cell lines the brain cavities and helps circulate cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cell

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue: Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica