$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three major overlapping functions of the nervous system in the correct logical order?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input, integration, motor output

Question 2

While studying for an exam, you reach for a beverage. Which division of the nervous system is primarily responsible for this voluntary movement?

Accepted Answer

Somatic

Question 3

Which type of neuroglia is responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 4

A patient has damage to the spinal nerves. Which part of the nervous system is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of astrocytes in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support and regulating the blood-brain barrier

Question 6

Which structure of a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 7

Neurons require glucose as their sole energy source. Which equation best represents the aerobic breakdown of glucose in neurons?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction

Question 9

A patient presents with muscle weakness and loss of voluntary control. Which division of the nervous system is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Somatic motor division

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of neuroglia?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting electrical impulses

Question 11

Which part of the neuron is responsible for transmitting signals away from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of sensory (afferent) fibers in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Convey impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS

Question 13

Which equation represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$V_m \approx -70\ \mathrm{mV}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct analogy: Electrical wire is to electrical insulating tape as peripheral neurons are to ________?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Question 15

A patient has a disorder affecting the autonomic nervous system. Which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of heart rate and digestion

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE about neurons?

Accepted Answer

They require glucose as their sole energy source

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of ependymal cells?

Accepted Answer

Producing cerebrospinal fluid

Question 18

Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for transmitting impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic motor division

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the anatomy and function of dendrites?

Accepted Answer

Short, branched processes that receive signals from other neurons

Question 20

A patient has a genetic disorder that affects the production of myelin in the CNS. Which cell type is most likely dysfunctional?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Fundamentals of the Nervous System: Structure and Function

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