Question 1

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate during glycogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Hexokinase

Question 2

During prolonged exercise, which process is primarily responsible for maintaining blood glucose levels when muscle glycogen stores are depleted?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis in the liver

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the relationship between muscle glycogen concentration and exercise time to fatigue, as shown in the provided graph?

Accepted Answer

Higher muscle glycogen concentration is associated with longer exercise time to fatigue.

Question 4

Which of the following is a substrate for gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol

Question 5

In the breakdown of proteins for energy, what is the fate of the amino group ($$-NH_2$) removed from amino acids?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to urea for excretion.

Question 6

Which enzyme is responsible for releasing free glucose from glucose-6-phosphate in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Glucose-6-phosphatase

Question 7

Which process describes the synthesis of glycogen from glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenesis

Question 8

A patient with a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase would most likely have difficulty with which metabolic process?

Accepted Answer

Releasing glucose into the blood from the liver

Question 9

Which of the following statements about steady state in exercise physiology is correct?

Accepted Answer

Steady state occurs when workload and physiological demands remain constant for a period of time.

Question 10

Which of the following equations best represents the driving force for passive transport of particles across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$F = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 11

Which enzyme is activated during glycogenolysis to break down glycogen into glucose-6-phosphate?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylase a

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a substrate for gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids

Question 13

During recovery after intense exercise, what happens to muscle glycogen stores if carbohydrate intake is sufficient?

Accepted Answer

They can become supercompensated, exceeding normal levels.

Question 14

Which process is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl CoA before entry into the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why steady state is rare in sports?

Accepted Answer

Physiological demands frequently change during sports activities.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in glycogen metabolism during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenolysis → Glycolysis → Pyruvate formation

Question 17

Which of the following statements about liver glycogen is correct?

Accepted Answer

Liver glycogen provides glucose for other cells via the blood.

Question 18

Which metabolic pathway is responsible for the breakdown of proteins into amino acids for energy production?

Accepted Answer

Proteolysis

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 20

If a muscle cell is unable to convert glucose-6-phosphate to glucose, which enzyme is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Glucose-6-phosphatase

Glycogen Metabolism, Energy Expenditure, and Transport Mechanisms in Human Physiology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard