Question 1

Which muscle is primarily responsible for the protraction of the scapula, such as when reaching forward to push open a door?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty elevating their thoracic wall during deep inspiration. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis minor

Question 3

Damage to the long thoracic nerve would most likely affect which muscle and result in 'winged scapula'?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior

Question 4

Which muscle acts to stabilize the pectoral girdle and is located inferior to the clavicle?

Accepted Answer

Subclavius

Question 5

If a person is unable to adduct their arm, which muscle is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 6

Which muscle is responsible for both elevating and depressing the shoulder, and is commonly involved in movements such as shrugging?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius

Question 7

A baseball pitcher suffers a rotator cuff injury and cannot laterally rotate his arm. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Infraspinatus

Question 8

Which muscle is part of the rotator cuff and is responsible for arm abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Question 9

During a physical exam, a patient is asked to internally rotate their arm. Which muscle is primarily responsible for this action?

Accepted Answer

Subscapularis

Question 10

Which muscle retracts the shoulder and is often targeted in exercises to improve posture?

Accepted Answer

Rhomboids (major and minor)

Question 11

A patient is unable to elevate their scapula, such as when lifting their shoulders. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Levator scapulae

Question 12

Which muscle is responsible for adducting the arm and is located on the back, extending from the lower spine to the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Latissimus dorsi

Question 13

Which muscle is responsible for arm lateral (external) rotation and is part of the rotator cuff group?

Accepted Answer

Teres minor

Question 14

A patient presents with weakness in arm medial rotation and shoulder stabilization. Which rotator cuff muscle is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Subscapularis

Question 15

Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 16

If a person is unable to stabilize their shoulder joint during overhead activities, which group of muscles is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Rotator cuff muscles

Question 17

Which muscle is responsible for arm medial (internal) rotation and is located on the anterior surface of the scapula?

Accepted Answer

Subscapularis

Question 18

A patient is unable to abduct their arm at the shoulder joint. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Question 19

Which muscle is responsible for both arm lateral rotation and stabilization of the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Infraspinatus

Question 20

During a physical therapy session, a patient is asked to perform shoulder retraction. Which muscle group is primarily responsible for this movement?

Accepted Answer

Rhomboids (major and minor)

Gross Anatomy of the Muscular System: Muscles of the Thorax, Shoulder, and Back

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