Question 1

Which of the following characteristics is unique to cardiac muscle tissue and not found in skeletal or smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

Intercalated discs

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction, specifically preventing the release of acetylcholine (ACh). Which of the following will most likely occur as a result?

Accepted Answer

Muscle paralysis due to lack of depolarization of the sarcolemma

Question 3

Which connective tissue layer surrounds an individual muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 4

During muscle contraction, which of the following best describes the role of the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

It is the functional unit that shortens, causing the muscle to contract

Question 5

A muscle is named 'biceps brachii.' Based on anatomical naming conventions, what does 'biceps' indicate?

Accepted Answer

The muscle has two origins

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why the insertion of a muscle is typically distal to its origin?

Accepted Answer

The insertion is the point that moves during contraction, allowing for greater range of motion

Question 7

Which muscle tissue type is responsible for voluntary movement and is multinucleated?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 8

A muscle that opposes the action of a prime mover is called:

Accepted Answer

Antagonist

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of acetylcholine (ACh) at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

It depolarizes the sarcolemma by binding to its receptors, initiating muscle contraction

Question 10

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between muscle force ($$F$$), cross-sectional area ($$A$$), and muscle tension ($$T$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$F = T 	imes A$$

Question 11

A patient has damage to the zygomaticus major muscle. Which facial movement would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Elevating the upper lip (smiling)

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between abduction and adduction?

Accepted Answer

Abduction moves a limb away from the midline, while adduction moves it toward the midline

Question 13

Which of the following statements about smooth muscle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is involuntary, has a single nucleus per cell, and lacks striations

Question 14

If a muscle's origin is on the scapula and its insertion is on the radius, which movement is most likely produced when the muscle contracts?

Accepted Answer

Movement of the radius

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why cardiac muscle cells are able to contract in a coordinated fashion?

Accepted Answer

They have intercalated discs that allow rapid electrical communication

Question 16

A muscle is named 'rectus abdominis.' What does 'rectus' indicate about the muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

They run parallel to the midline

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of tendons?

Accepted Answer

They connect muscle to bone, transmitting the force of contraction

Question 18

A muscle is described as 'deltoid.' Based on its name, what is its likely shape?

Accepted Answer

Triangular

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the action of the masseter muscle?

Accepted Answer

Elevates the mandible to close the jaw

Question 20

If the perimysium is damaged, which structure is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Muscle fascicle

Histology and Gross Anatomy of Muscle Tissue: Muscles of the Head and Neck

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