Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a major category of infectious agents that the immune system defends against?

Accepted Answer

Prions

Question 2

A patient is exposed to a virus. Which immune system component is primarily responsible for releasing proteins that interfere with viral replication?

Accepted Answer

Interferons

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Prevents entry of potentially harmful substances and responds non-specifically to a range of harmful substances

Question 4

Which cell type is responsible for programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Natural Killer (NK) cells

Question 5

A cut on the skin allows bacteria to enter the body. Which of the following is the FIRST line of defense against these pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Physical barrier formed by the skin

Question 6

Which of the following is a benefit of inflammation during an immune response?

Accepted Answer

Disposes of cellular debris and pathogens

Question 7

A patient develops a fever after an infection. Which of the following is a risk associated with fever?

Accepted Answer

Irreversible brain damage

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding B-lymphocytes in antibody-mediated immunity?

Accepted Answer

They produce plasma cells that secrete large amounts of antibodies

Question 9

Which antibody function involves covering the biologically active portion of a microbe or toxin?

Accepted Answer

Neutralization

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence of steps in the life cycle of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Origin, Maturation, Circulation, Antigen encounter and activation, Proliferation

Question 11

A person receives a vaccine and later is exposed to the same pathogen. Which immune process allows for a rapid and strong response upon re-exposure?

Accepted Answer

Secondary immune response

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of acute inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Fever

Question 13

Which of the following immune cells is most effective at ingesting and digesting solid substances through phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of complement proteins in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing phagocytosis by binding to pathogens

Question 15

Which type of T-lymphocyte is responsible for activating other lymphatic cells and secreting cytokines?

Accepted Answer

Helper T-lymphocytes

Question 16

A patient with a genetic defect cannot produce interferons. Which of the following would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Ability to inhibit viral replication

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of memory B-lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

They confer immunity to certain antigens for many years or a lifetime

Question 18

Which of the following is a chemical barrier that forms part of the first line of defense in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Antimicrobial proteins in the skin

Question 19

Which process is described by the equation $$	ext{Phagocytosis: 'cellular eating'}$$ and involves the engulfment of unwanted substances?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the adaptive immune response?

Accepted Answer

It involves lymphocytes and is specific to particular antigens

Immune System and the Body’s Defenses: Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

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