Question 1

Which organ uses the most energy at rest in terms of absolute energy consumption?

Accepted Answer

Heart

Question 2

During prolonged fasting (greater than 14-16 hours), which energy source does the brain primarily switch to?

Accepted Answer

Ketone bodies

Question 3

Which glucose transporter is insulin-dependent and primarily found in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

GLUT4

Question 4

What is the primary function of GLUT2 transporters in the liver and pancreatic beta cells?

Accepted Answer

Glucose sensing and metabolism

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the respiratory quotient (RQ)?

Accepted Answer

RQ increases during exercise as carbohydrate metabolism predominates.

Question 6

A patient is undergoing indirect calorimetry to measure resting metabolic rate (RMR). Which of the following conditions would most likely increase the measured RMR?

Accepted Answer

Testing in a cold room (below 20°C)

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of the respiratory quotient (RQ)?

Accepted Answer

$$RQ = \frac{CO_2$\ eliminated}{O_2$\ consumed}$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about energy balance is correct?

Accepted Answer

About 50% of energy output is lost as heat through thermoregulation.

Question 9

Which cell type relies exclusively on glucose for energy under normal conditions?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cell

Question 10

If a person has not eaten for 24 hours, which metabolic process is most likely to be active?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 11

Which of the following is a major determinant of basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

Lean body mass

Question 12

Which organ is responsible for storing excess glucose as glycogen?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Question 13

During moderate exercise, which fuel source is most likely to be used by skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of chemical work in the body?

Accepted Answer

Thermoregulation

Question 15

A person’s RQ is measured at 0.7. What is the predominant fuel being metabolized?

Accepted Answer

Fat

Question 16

Which of the following would most likely decrease the accuracy of an indirect calorimetry measurement of RMR?

Accepted Answer

Recent caffeine consumption

Question 17

Which GLUT transporter is responsible for fructose transport in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

GLUT5

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why metabolism must be integrated across organs?

Accepted Answer

Organs share and exchange nutrients to maintain energy balance.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the fate of dietary fat?

Accepted Answer

It is stored in adipose tissue for later energy use.

Question 20

Which of the following is a multi-step process that occurs during fasting to maintain blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenolysis followed by gluconeogenesis

Integrated Metabolism: Energy Use and Regulation in the Human Body

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