$$\text{Input} = \text{Output}$$

$$\text{Mass flow} = \text{concentration of A} \times \text{volume flow}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best defines physiology?

Accepted Answer

The study of the normal functioning of an organism and its component parts, including all chemical and physical processes.

Question 2

Which organ system is primarily responsible for the transport of materials between all cells of the body?

Accepted Answer

Circulatory system

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major themes in physiology?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary Adaptation to Environment

Question 4

A patient with cystic fibrosis has a mutation affecting a membrane protein. This is an example of which physiological theme?

Accepted Answer

Structure/function relationship

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the law of mass balance as applied to the human body?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Input} = 	ext{Output}$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment despite external and internal challenges.

Question 7

Disruption of homeostasis can result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A pathological condition or disease state

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in physiological control systems?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 9

Which control system component detects changes in a regulated variable?

Accepted Answer

Sensor

Question 10

Which of the following best distinguishes steady state from equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Steady state requires energy input to maintain, while equilibrium does not.

Question 11

Which organ system is responsible for coordination of body function through synthesis and release of regulatory molecules?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine system

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of feedforward control?

Accepted Answer

Salivation reflex in response to sour food

Question 13

Which physiological system is primarily responsible for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory system

Question 14

Which of the following is a regulated variable in a physiological control system?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Question 15

Which of the following is true about positive feedback loops?

Accepted Answer

They reinforce the original stimulus.

Question 16

Which equation correctly calculates mass flow in the body?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mass flow} = 	ext{concentration of A} 	imes 	ext{volume flow}$$

Question 17

Which organ system provides protection from external environment and helps regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Integumentary system

Question 18

A patient experiences high blood pressure due to an increased baroreceptor threshold. This is an example of disruption in which physiological theme?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Transport of materials between all cells of the body

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a regulated variable and its setpoint?

Accepted Answer

The regulated variable fluctuates around the setpoint within a normal range.

Introduction to Physiology: Foundations, Systems, and Homeostasis

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