$$E = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \frac{[\text{ion}]_{\text{outside}}}{[\text{ion}]_{\text{inside}}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Coordinating voluntary and involuntary responses of organ systems

Question 2

Which type of neuroglia is responsible for engulfing cellular debris and pathogens in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Microglia

Question 3

The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system carries motor commands from the CNS to muscles and glands, called ______.

Accepted Answer

effectors

Question 4

A neuron with only one dendrite and one axon, with the cell body between them, is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Bipolar

Question 5

Which of the following are required to generate an action potential (nerve impulse)?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 6

Where is gray matter located in the brain?

Accepted Answer

In the cortex and nuclei

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

Cerebral aqueduct - spinal cord

Question 8

Which statement about the meninges is correct?

Accepted Answer

There is an additional space around the spinal cord called the epidural space.

Question 9

Which of the following would be characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Preganglionic nerve fibers are short.

Question 10

Which of the following would NOT be consistent with a primary parasympathetic activity in an organ?

Accepted Answer

Relaxation of the bladder

Question 11

Which equation best represents the Nernst equation for calculating the equilibrium potential of an ion across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$E = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \frac{[	ext{ion}]_{	ext{outside}}}{[	ext{ion}]_{	ext{inside}}}$$

Question 12

A patient presents with loss of voluntary movement but retains sensation. Which area of the spinal cord is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Ventral root

Question 13

Which neurotransmitter is released by postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division at most effector organs?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine (NE)

Question 14

Which structure in the brain is primarily responsible for regulating heart rate and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the propagation of an action potential along a myelinated axon?

Accepted Answer

Saltatory conduction

Question 16

Which layer of the meninges is in direct contact with the surface of the brain and contains blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Pia mater

Question 17

A patient is unable to form new procedural memories but can recall old ones. Which brain region is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events at a cholinergic synapse?

Accepted Answer

Action potential arrives, calcium enters axon terminal, ACh is released, ACh binds to receptors, ACh is broken down

Question 19

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting sensory information about smell?

Accepted Answer

Olfactory nerve (I)

Question 20

Which equation best represents Ohm's Law as applied to the movement of ions across a neuronal membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$I = V \div R$$

Introduction to the Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Organization

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica